Faiman

Method

The cell temperature is the ambient temperature plus the absorbed irradiance, less the share converted at the rated efficiency, divided by the sum of the constant and wind heat-loss factors (1). Each timestep uses its own weather, with no lag for the heat capacity of the module.

The math

$$T = T_{amb} + \frac{a\,G\,(1 - \eta_{STC})}{U_c + U_v\,v} \tag{1}$$

where

Symbol	Meaning	Unit
$T$	the cell temperature	°C
$T_{amb}$	the ambient temperature	°C
$a$	the absorptivity: the fraction of the light the module absorbs	—
$G$	the effective irradiance on the modules	W/m²
$\eta_{STC}$	the module efficiency at standard test conditions	—
$U_c$	the constant heat-loss factor	W/(m²·K)
$U_v$	the wind heat-loss factor	W/(m²·K) per m/s
$v$	the wind speed	m/s

References

1. Faiman 2008, Assessing the outdoor operating temperature of photovoltaic modules, Progress in Photovoltaics 16(4) 307–315

API

thermal.model = faiman_steady, thermal.transient = false

Symbols follow the symbol registry.